Question

1. The enemy escape hypothesis proposes that:
   1. Multiple invasive species are often introduced to a new range simultaneously; these groups of invasive species can compete more intensely with native species than a single species could.
   2. Invasive species often inhibit the mutualists of native plants.
   3. Invasive species can shift their range more rapidly than native species.
   4. Invasive species can become particularly successful in their introduced range because many of their natural “enemies” are absent.

Answer 1

The answer is option D. Invasive species can become particularly successful in their introduced range because many of their natural enemies are absent.

It is also known as the "Enemy Release Hypothesis". It is mostly applied in the context of invasive plants.

It suggests that usually, the enemies of plants such as herbivores, parasites, or other pests prefer to attack native species other than non-native or invasive species at first. And when these invasive species are introduced to a new range or new area it will grow successfully as natural enemies are absent.

This principle is often used in biocontrol programs.

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