Question

1. Name a hormone that stimulates glycolysis and inhibits gluconeogenesis.

2. The name of the cofactors that carries CO2 (carbon dioxide) in most biological reactions is:

Answer 1

1. The hormone is insulin. Insulin stimulates glycolysis by increasing the glucose uptake by recruitment of GLUT transporters to the cell membrane. Insulin also promotes glycogenolysis and helps in production of glucose from glycogen so that glucose can enters into glycolysis. Insulin also inhibits gluconeogenesis.

2. The cofactor is Biotin. Biotin carries CO2. Pyruvate carboxylase causes carboxylation of pyruvate and converts pyruvate into Oxaloacetate. In this reaction biotin acts as co-factor as it carries CO2.