Question

Many clinically prescribed medications that affect brain target neurotransmitter signaling. discuss the conditions of melatonin and how it is used to treat, and the specific biochemical mechanism by which the drug works.

Answer 1

Melatonin is a hormone which is naturally synthesised by the pineal body. It is now obtained in laboratory by artificial method as well and hence is used as a drug. It is specifically used in treating insomnia as to balance sleep. The drug is suppose to be taken half hour before the time of desired sleep. It is recommended for those whose circadian rhythm cycle has changed due to shift in time zone or plainly those who experience jet lag. This drug is found to act on SCN of hypothalamus and is found to bind with 2 receptors such as MT1 and 2. This will eventually lead to a series of action triggering sleep.