Question

11. Define the following in a few words:

    • Perfusion

    • Blood pressure

    • Systolic pressure

    • Diastolic pressure

    • Pulse pressure

    • Mean arterial pressure

12. Of the terms listed above, __________________________________ has the greatest influence on the risks of blood flow-related cardiovascular disorders (e.g. edema, syncope, aneurysm, etc.).

13. Differentiate between arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis. What can result from these conditions?

14. Differentiate between hypertension and hypertension and their possible causes.

15. (a) What is peripheral resistance? (b) What three variables affects it? (c) Which one is most able to change form one minute to the next?

16. What are the three primary mechanisms for controlling vessel radius? Briefly explain each.

17. Explain how the baroreflex serves as an example of homeostasis and negative feedback.

18. What is the purpose of the chemoreflex?

19. Describe the purpose of the following hormones in regulating blood pressure/flow in a few words.

    • Angiotensin II:

    • Aldosterone:

    • Nutriuretic peptide:

    • Antidiuretic hormone:

    • Epinephrine/norepinephrine:

20. What are ACE inhibitors?

21. Explain how the body can shift the flow of blood from one organ system to another.

Answer 1

Q1.

Perfusion - perfusion is the process by which the oxygenated blood is delivered into tissues

Blood pressure - what is the lateral pressure exerted by flowing blood on the Wall of the arteries.

systolic pressure - it it is the maximum pressure exerted by the flowing blood on the Wall of the arteries

Diastolic pressure - it is the minimum pressure exerted by the flowing blood on the wall of the arteries

Pulse pressure - it is the difference between systolic pressure and diastolic pressure

mean arterial pressure - it the average blood pressure in an individual during a single cardiac cycle

Mean arterial pressure =

(Systolic BP + (2×Daiastolic BP))/3