Question

1. Explain the pathophysiological conditions which necessitate the use of dialysis machine by patients

2. Explain the mechanism underlying dialysis using a typical dialysis machine.

3. Explain the challenges involved in the use of the machine.

Answer 1

1) Acute kidney injury leads to impairment of kidney functions. These include fluid buildup, shortness of breath, accumulation of body waste, pH and electrolyte imbalance. The most common causes of acute kidney injury is uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and hypertension.

2) The underlying mechanism that is being used in dialysis machine is osmosis. It is the moment of solvent from the region of solvent concentration to lower across a selectively permeable membrane.

3) the challenges involved in using dialysis machine include the following,

• Secondary infection
• Bleeding abnormalities
• Thrombophlebitis