Question

1. Explain how sexual recombination generates genetic variability

2. List the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

3. Apply the Hardy-Weinberg equation to a population genetics problem

4. Explain why natural selection is the only mechanism that consistently produces adaptive

change

5. Explain the role of population size in genetic drift

6. List four reasons why natural selection cannot produce perfect organisms

Answer 1

1. Explain how sexual recombination generates genetic variability

Sexual reproduction involves the formation of gametes through the process of meiosis. During Prophase 1 of Meiosis crossing over happens to form recombinant chromosomes. This happens as the homologous chromosomes exchange their genetic material. This results in the production of distinct gamete cells (all with variation).

2. List the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

1. Hardy-Weinberg assumes a large breeding population hence no genetic drift

2. No sexual selection occurs; Random mating

3. There must be no mutation of alleles in the gene pool

4. The population must be isolated, No immigration or emigration

5. Hardy-Weinberg assumes that Natural selection does not occur