Question

1. What is statistical significance? How do you know if something is statistically significant? (up to 5 points)

2. Two researchers are arguing about statistical findings. One of them believes that any statistically significant result is important, irrespective of the magnitude of the association between the independent variables and dependent variables. The other one contends that statistical significance is meaningless if the association is weak. Who is correct? Explain your answer. Offer a hypothetical or real-world example to illustrate your point. (up to 10 points)

Answer 1

A statistically significant result (usually a difference) is a result that’s not attributed to chance.More technically, it means that if the Null Hypothesis is true (which means there really is no difference), there's a low probability of getting a result that large or larger. We used different test and calculate p value to check the statistical significance.

Statistically significant result is important, irrespective of the magnitude of the association between the independent variables and dependent variables because even a weak correlation can be important if the sample size is large enough.

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