Question

Distinguish between the encoding failure, decay, and interference theories of forgetting

and provide an example of each.

Answer 1

Encoding Failure: In this type of memory, the information never got into LTM(Long term memory).  Encoding Failure refers to the brain's occasional failure to create a memory link. Encoding refers to the brain's ability to store and recall events and information, either short or long-term.

Example: You know when your reading a book, and thought you are reading, you get to like page 2-3 and realize your mind was somewhere else, and nothing registered.

Decay Theory: When a new memory is formed, it creates a memory trace, which is a distinct structural or chemical change in the brain. Decay theory proposes that memory fades due to the mere passage of time. Information is therefore less available for later retrieval as time passes and memory, as well as memory strength, wears away.

Example: Sometimes we forget a person’s name even though we have just met them.

Interference Theory: It is caused by one memory competing with or replacing another memory. Interference occurs in learning when there is an interaction between the new material and transfer effects of past learned behavior, memories or thoughts that have a negative influence in comprehending the new material.

Example: An example would be calling your ex-boyfriend/girlfriend by your new boyfriend/girlfriend's name.