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How do plane waves work? How do they propogate depending on the electric and magnetic field?...

How do plane waves work? How do they propogate depending on the electric and magnetic field? Please show qualitatively and quantitatively!

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Answer #1

Plane wave has a single frequency and the variation in its amplitude is sinusoidal. It can be represented mathematically by the help of a sin or cosine function.

The above equation represents a wave moving in +x direction.

Its amplitude is A0 and angular frequency is , k is angular wave number.

For an electromagnetic wave, electric field and magnetic field and wave prpagation direction are all perpendicular to each other.

The wave generates as variation in electric field gives rises to magnetic field and variation in magnetic field gives rise to electric field. So, the two fields supports each other and the wave propagtes.

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