Question

The key observation of Venus was that it exhibited a ________ phase.

  

new

   

gibbous

   

quarter

   

crescent

A complete physical theory to explain the motion of the planets was developed by ...

  

Kepler

   

Ptolemy

   

Newton

   

Galileo

What is the force of gravity (in Newtons) acting between the Earth and a 5-kg bowling ball that is resting on the surface of the Earth?

Virtually no one acknowledged Newton's work during his lifetime.

  

True

   

False

What is the force of gravity (in Newtons) acting between the Earth and a 125-kg person standing on the surface of the Earth?

A planet in orbit about the Sun will move the fastest when it is ...

  

farthest from the Sun

   

closest to the Sun

   

closest to the empty focus

   

at aphelion

The statement: "Planets sweep out equal area in equal time." is also known as ...

  

Kepler's Second Law

  

Newton's Law of Gravity

  

Kepler's First Law

  

Kepler's Third Law

What is the orbital period (in years) of a planet with a semimajor axis of 35 AU?

What is the force of gravity (in Newtons) acting between the Sun and a 4,500-kg rocket that is 0.75 AU from the Sun?

What is the orbital period (in years) of a planet with a semimajor axis of 15 AU?

Virtually no one acknowledged Galileo's work during his lifetime.

  

True

   

False

Newton is credited with which of the following? [Select all that apply]

  

improving the telescope

   

single-handedly developing calculus

   

uncovering important properties of light

   

discovering principles of gravitational attraction

What is the semimajor axis (in AU) of a planet with an orbital period of 14 years?

Virtually no one acknowledged Kepler's work during his lifetime.

  

True

   

False

Gravity between two objects is __________ proportional to the product of their masses and __________ proportional to the square of the distance between them.

  

directly, indirectly

   

directly, directly

   

indirectly, indirectly

   

indirectly, directly

Answer 1

Sol:

Q1. The key observation of Venus was that it exhibited a crescent phase.

Q2. A complete physical theory to explain the motion of the planets was developed by Kepler.

Q3. What is the force of gravity (in Newtons) acting between the Earth and a 125-kg person standing on the surface of the Earth? F = mg =125x9.81=1226N

Q4. A planet in orbit about the Sun will move the fastest when it is closest to the Sun.

Q5. The statement: "Planets sweep out equal area in equal time." is also known as Kepler's Second Law.