Question

(b) Discuss the conceptual differences between g as acceleration of gravity and g as gravitational field.

(b) Discuss the conceptual differences between g as acceleration of gravity and g as gravitational field.

Homework Answers

Answer #1


F = ma (or F = mg for gravity).

If the mass is two hydrogen atoms (protons) the force (weight) will be twice the force (weight) of one proton. If you have a billion protons the force will be a billion time more than one. If the mass is a billion atoms the force will still depend upon the total number of protons (and neutrons). Water seeks its own level because the earth attracts each water molecule separately but can attract an ice cube collectively.

The mass will also exhibit a force (weight) depending upon how close it is to the center of gravity of the attracting body (but must be above the surface). The force will diminish at greater distances from the center of gravity in accordance with the inverse square law which describes the strength of the (3D) field. As rocket ships leave the earth they feel less and less gravitational force. The attraction is spread over larger and larger concentric spheres, where the areas of the spheres increase in proportion to the square of their radii. At the center of the earth the gravitational attraction is zero (because there is as much mass above the center in every radial direction).
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