Question

Phospholipase C is a common second messenger in many signal transduction pathways. What does it do?

		Cleaves a target protein to generate two signaling peptides
		Generates two messengers, IP3 and DAG, from membrane phospholipids
		Transfers a phosphate group to a membrane phospholipid, which activates other messengers
		Transfers a phosphate group to a membrane phospholipid, activating it

The extracellular matrix plays a role in all of the following processes EXCEPT:

		osmosis
		cell metabolism
		hormone signaling
		cell death

Answer 1

Ans) Generates two messengers, IP3 and DAG, from membrane phospholipids.

Explanation:

- Once activated phospholipase C catylizes (breaks down) phospholipids within the cell membrane into two specific molecules: DAG and iP3. iP3 interacts concurrently interacts the smooth ER of the cell and stimulates the release of calcium (Ca²), the calcium then binds with proteins and activates enzymatic pathways.

Ans) cell death

Explanation:

- Extracellular matrix (ECM)–cell interactions have major effects on phenotypic features such as cell growth, differentiation, and gene expression. Apoptosis is an active form of cell death that is crucial for maintaining an appropriate number of cells as well as tissue organization.