Question

What are normal vital signs for an elderly client? What are normal heart sounds? Where do...

  1. What are normal vital signs for an elderly client?

  1. What are normal heart sounds?

  1. Where do you listen for heart sounds?
  1. Where would you listen for an apical heart rate and why would you listen for an apical heart rate?

  1. What nursing interventions may be used to correct fever in the elderly client?
  1. What can a client have a 2-gram sodium, low-cholesterol diet? Develop a meal plan; breakfast, lunch, and dinner with snacks and beverages.
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Answer #1

ANSWER :

1) Normal vital signs of elderly client :

  • Temperature : 97.8 to 99° F
  • Blood pressure : 120/80 mmHg
  • Heart rate : 60 - 100 beats/min
  • Respiratory rate : 12 - 18 breaths/min

2)Normal heart sounds :

S1 :

  • First heart sound
  • Described as " lub"
  • Caused by closure of atrioventricular valves (mitral and tricuspid valves)

S2 :

  • Second heart sound
  • Described as "dub"
  • Caused by closure of semilunar valves(pulmonary and aortic valves)

3)Normal heart sounds are heard at :

S1:

  • Best heard at mitral and tricuspid area
  • Mitral area(cardiac apex) - 5th intercostal space , left midclavicular line
  • Tricuspid area - fourth left intercostal space , left sternal border

S2 :

  • Best heard at pulmonary and aortic valve areas
  • Pulmonary valve area - second left intercostal space , left sternal border
  • Aortic valve area - second right intercostal space , right sternal border

4)Apical heart rate :

  • It is listened at the cardiac apex - 5th intercostal space , left mid clavicular line
  • It is listened because it is more accurate and provides accurate information of count , rhythm , strength and quality of heart
  • Normal apical heart rate is 60 -100 beats/min

5)Nursing interventions for fever in elderly :

  • Monitor temperature 4 to 6th hrly and assess the symptoms
  • Proper hydration maintained
  • Bed rest to reduce energy expenditure
  • Antipyretic drugs like ibuprofen or acetaminophen given
  • Tapid sponging comforts them
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