Why can equity in a troubled firm be viewed as a call option?
Equity in troubled firm replicates the call option. The equity holders would get residual balance if the firm goes for closure.
Equity holders would get following:
Equity = Max (Present Value of firm - Present value Bond, 0)
Value of the firm behaves like stock price “S” and Value of Bond behaves like Strike price “X”.
Recall equation for Call option > C:
C = Max (S - X, 0)
C is like equity; S is like Value of the firm; X is like bond of the firm.
Hence, Equity in a troubled firm be viewed as a call option.
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