Question 3: The procedure states:
reaction mixture consists of an alcohol, a carboxylic acid and a catalyst. The mehtoxide ion, the alcohol and possibly the carboxylic acid will be more water soluble than the ester while the ester will be almost insoluble in water.
Adding water removes most but not all these impurities/starting materials (un-reacted Carboxylic acid]. Instead iIf we attempt to remove all the Carboxylic acid with carbonate a lot of gas would be formed along with precipitate.Hence we add water to rmeove un-reacted soluble Carboxylic acid and soluble impurities which get eliminated when we decant the solution and get the precipitate of phecetin without any extra starting material unreacted or impurities
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