Question

The relaese of lattice energy

why are compounds like Mg₂O₃(s) containing Mg³⁺ or NaO containing Na²⁺ never observed to form in reactions of the elements?

Answer 1

formation of Mg³⁺ needs very high amount of ionisation eenrgy.which is not possible in normal conditions.

Mg =12 = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2

Mg^3+ = 9 = 1s2 2s2 2p5 3s0   (removal of 3rd eelctron is very difficult from 2p6.)

similarly, in case of Na²⁺.

formation of Na²⁺. needs very high amount of ionisation energy.which is not possible in normal conditions.

Na =11 = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1

Na²⁺. = 9 = 1s2 2s2 2p5 3s0   (removal of 2nd eelctron is very difficult from 2p6.)