Question

I was able to draw out a but I'm having trouble understanding this concept. Please explain what is occurring will rate as soon as I recieve helpful info. Indicate the principal products expected when:

a) exposing a mixture of chlorine and propane gases to ultraviolet light

b) treating 1-butene with hydrogen gas under pressure and Pd as a catalyst

c) reacting ethylene with Br2

d) treating 1-butene with dilute H2SO4(aq)

e) reacting 2-methylpropene with dilute H2SO4(aq)

f) treating a mixture of ethanol and propanol with concentrated H2SO4(aq)

g) heating a mixture of isopropyl alcohol and benzoic acid

h) oxidizing sec-butyl alcohol with Cr2O7^-2 in acidic solution

Answer 1

a) When Cl2 is exposed to UV right there is formation of Chlorine radical. When such radical comes in contact with propane, there is formation of alkyl halide. The mechanism by which alkyl halide is formed is called free radical reaction.

Lets show the mechanism :

1) Initiation:

2) Propagation:

3) Termination:

Secondary carbon radical is more stable than that of the primary so product formed is CH3CHClCH3 or 2-chloropropane

Structure :

b)

1-Butene + H2 (Pd as a catalyst)

This reaction is called catalytic hydrogention.

Lets show the mechanism.

1) Step 1 ) Absorbtion of the H2 on metal surface

2) Step 2nd approach of alkene on H2

Thus butane is formed in this reaction and pd (metal ) is regenerated. So Pd acts as catalyst and this reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.