Question

Question2

Part A

Determine the degree of unsaturation for the hydrocarbons with the following molecular formula: C10H16

PartB

Torulene (γ-carotene) made by pea aphids is the only carotenoid known to be synthesized by an organism in the animal kingdom. Torulene has a molecular formula of C40H54 and it contains one ring and no triple bonds.

How many double bonds does it have?

Express your answer as an integer.

Answer 1

molecular formula: C10H16

C10H16

DBE = C - (H/2) – (x/2)+ (N/2) +1

where C = number of carbon atoms, H = number of hydrogen and halogen atoms, and N = number of nitrogen atoms, x= number of halogen atoms

DBE =10- (16/2) – (0)+ (0) +1

=10-8+1

=3

Thuus DBE = 3

C40H54

DBE = C - (H/2) – (x/2)+ (N/2) +1

where C = number of carbon atoms, H = number of hydrogen and halogen atoms, and N = number of nitrogen atoms, x= number of halogen atoms

DBE =40- (54/2) – (0)+ (0) +1

=40-27+1

=14

Given that it contains one ring and no triple bonds, one ring = 1 DBE

Thus number of double bonds = 14-1= 13

1 DBE = 1 double bond or ring

2 DBE = 1 triple bond