Question

In the following reaction 10.2 g of aniline and 12.96 g of acetic anhydride are reacted with 16.0031 g of sodium acetate trihydrate to make acetanilide. The product was purified and acetanilide was extracted. The actual mass of acetanilide was 2.1234g. Determine the theoretical yield and the percent yield.

Answer 1

1 mole of aniline requires 1 mole of acetic anhydride.

molar masses : Aniline =93 and acetic anhydride = 102, moles : Aniline = 10.2/93=0.1096 acetic anhydride = 12.96/102 = 0.1271, actual molar ratio = 0.1096 : 0.1271 excess is acetic anhydride and limiting is aniline. Moles of acetanilide formed = 0.1096, molar mass of aniline = 135 mass of acetanilide formed = 135*0.1096=14.8 gm

this is the theoretical yield, Actual yield d = 2,1234 gm. % yield = 100*2.1234/14.8 =14.34%