Question

In addition to their utility in biotechnology, small non-coding RNAs play many proles during gene expression and regulation of this process. Name and explain their roles.

Answer 1

Those RNA which does not gets translated into proteins are reffered to as non-coding rna. t-rna and r-rna are the most common examples. In case of higher eukaryotes, 98% of the rna's are non - coding. About, 10000, non coding rna is present in the mammals.

Mirna is a non-coding rna which has a control over expression of gene in the translation stage. Functions include - gene silencing, translation regulation, signal recognition, neurological functions etc.

Non- coding rna's (ncr) are classified into long ncr and small ncr. Ribosomal rna is a long ncr and Mi-rna, sn-rna, t-rna etc. are small ncr.

Also, ncr's are classified into housekeeping ncr's and regulatory ncr's. House keeping ncr's (trna and r-rna) are essential for normal functioning and viability of cell. But, regulatory ncr's are produced only during certain speciifc stages of development.