Question

1. Animals that acquire energy efficiently during foraging will increase their fitness by having more energy available for ________.

A)  reproduction

B) defenses

C)  respiration

D)  competition

2. According to MacArthur and Wilson's island biogeography theory, which of the following would be expected to have the smallest species richness?

A) the mainland

B) a large island far from the mainland

C) a large island near the mainland

D) a small island near the mainland

E)  a small island far from the mainland  

3. What is the evolutionary advantage of extra-pair copulations in birds?

A) For males, the chance to have other females (thought to be the sisters of the mates) assist with the rearing of the offspring and for females, increased reproductive success.

B) For males, increased reproductive success and for females, the chance to have other females (thought to be the sisters of the mates) assist with the rearing of the offspring.

C) For males, the chance to mate with genetically superior individuals and for females, increased reproductive success.

D) For males, increased reproductive success and for females, the chance to mate with genetically superior individuals.

Answer 1

1A) reproduction

Fitness is related to reproduction. Fitness is the ability to contribute the genetic material to the next generation. Higher the reproduction rate more Will be the fitness of an individual.

2E) small island far from mainland.

Large Islands near main land has highest species richness. Less distance between island and mainland indicate that species will take less time to colonized the island from the mainland.

Large size indicate that more species can be accommodated on the island.

Small island indicate less species and more time to colonized the Island.

3B) for males , increase reproductive success and for female , the chance to have other female ( thought to be the sisters of the mates ) assist with the rearing of the offspring.

Extra pair copulations help birds to increase their reproductive success and cost of parental care is low .