Question

1.According to Chapter 9 in Mind Design, the positive hedonic value of affects and emotions is dependent upon which brain structures?

A. a mesolimbic circuit which includes the nucleus accumbens, the lateral hypothalamus, and the medial forebrain bundle

B. a cortico-thalamic circuit that includes the non-specific thalamic nuclei

  C.the cerebellum and the pons

D. a group of neurons arranged in PDP brain circuits similar to those modeled in connectionist artificial neural networks

2.According to Chapter 9 in Mind Design, for social living as a form of adaptation to evolve in a species, and thus for social species to even exist, what condition(s) must be present?

A.For social life to evolve, reproductive benefits of social life must outweigh the reproductive costs of living in groups

B. In order for social life to exist, individuals of a social species must have brain circuit “design” producing an emotional makeup that predisposes them to sharing, cooperation, giving, and caring balanced with sufficient levels of self-interest, or social life as a form of adaptation will fail

C.Culture must exist in order to produce social living (i.e. living in groups) as a form of successful adaptation

D. a and b above

Answer 1

Question no 1

Option a is the answer

a mesolimbic circuit which includes the nucleus accumbens, the lateral hypothalamus, and the medial forebrain bundle all these forms the positive emotion and affect .

For example they are also known as pleasure centre

Option b is wrong as corticothalamic circuit will not only code for positive emotion

Option c is wrong as cerebellum respond for both negative and positive emotion

Option d is wrong as positive emotions are not responded here