Question

Researchers asked pregnant women if they are currently smoking during this pregnancy and afterwards followed them...

Researchers asked pregnant women if they are currently smoking during this pregnancy and afterwards followed them through childbirth to test the association between smoking during pregnancy and stillbirth. Some smokers reported not smoking, resulting in some who were exposed being labeled as not exposed.

  1. What kind of bias is this?
  2. Do you think false reporting is more likely in one of the two groups (stillbirth, live birth) or equally likely?

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