Question

Please solve this question step by step.

You can online software like SPSS, but show steps for each part.

If you can't provide step by step answer. Don't bother to answer at all. I should be able to replicate the result.

I need answer to all parts.

A researcher is studying the effects of inserting questions into instructional material for learning. There is doubt whether these questions would be more effective before or after the corresponding passage. In addition, the researcher wants to know the impact of factual and thought provoking questions. Students are randomly assigned to one of each of the four combination: position of question (before vs. after the passage) and type of question (factual vs. thought provoking). After 15 hours of studying under these conditions, the students are given a test on the content of the instructional materials. The test scores are below. What can be concluded with α = 0.01?

                     Position

Type	before	after
factual	21 31 32 25 28 19	29 24 33 26 25 30
thought	27 20 15 21 26 24	36 39 41 29 31 35

a) What is the appropriate test statistic?
---Select--- na one-way ANOVA within-subjects ANOVA two-way ANOVA

b) Compute the appropriate test statistic(s) to make a decision about H₀.
Type: critical value =  ; test statistic =  
Decision:  ---Select--- Reject H0 Fail to reject H0

Position: critical value =  ; test statistic =  
Decision:  ---Select--- Reject H0 Fail to reject H0

Interaction: critical value =  ; test statistic =  
Decision:  ---Select--- Reject H0 Fail to reject H0


c) Compute the corresponding effect size(s) and indicate magnitude(s).
Type: η² =  ;  ---Select--- na trivial effect small effect medium effect large effect
Position: η² =  ;  ---Select--- na trivial effect small effect medium effect large effect
Interaction: η² =  ;  ---Select--- na trivial effect small effect medium effect large effect


d) Make an interpretation based on the results.

There is a question type difference in the test scores.There is no question type difference in the test scores.    

There is a question position difference in the test scores.There is no question position difference in the test scores.    

There is a question type by position interaction in the test scores.There is no question type by position interaction in the test scores.  

Answer 1

(Please round the numerical values to the required number of decimal places.)

(a) within-subjects ANOVA

(b) Type: critical value = 4.3512; test statistic = 0.9130
Decision: Fail to reject H0

Position: critical value = 4.3512; test statistic = 16.3996
Decision: Reject H0

Interaction: critical value = 4.3512; test statistic = 9.2940
Decision: Reject H0

(c) Type: η² = 0.0196; trivial effect
Position: η² = 0.3519; medium effect
Interaction: η² = 0.1994; small effect

(d) There is no question type difference in the test scores.   
There is a question position difference in the test scores.
There is a question type by position interaction in the test scores.