The first book can be placed in any of the 5 spaces. It will occupy 1 place which leaves us with 4 unoccupied spaces.
Second book can be placed in any of the 4 remaining spaces, leaving 3 unoccupied.
Third book can be placed in any of the 3 remaining places, with 2 remaining.
Fourth book can be placed in either of the 2 remaining places, leaving 1 for the final book.
So total number of ways in which 5 books can be placed is: 5*4*3*2*1 =5! = 120
or
We can use permutation nPr=
math, science, biology, chemistry, A&P
math, biology,science, chemistry, A&P
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