Question

When a new drug is created, the pharmaceutical company must subject it to testing before receiving the necessary permission from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to market the drug. Suppose the null hypothesis is “the drug is unsafe.” What is the Type II Error?

1. To conclude the drug is safe when in, fact, it is unsafe.
2. Not to conclude the drug is safe when, in fact, it is safe.
3. To conclude the drug is safe when, in fact, it is safe.
4. Not to conclude the drug is unsafe when, in fact, it is unsafe.

Explain

Answer 1

The null hypothesis is "the new drug is unsafe" and the alternate hypothesis is "the new drug is unsafe".

The definition of type II error is that we accept the null hypothesis when it is false.

The null hypothesis is false means the drug is actually safe.

So, the type II error is to conclude that the drug is unsafe when the drug is actually safe.

Therefore the answer is the 2nd option: Not to conclude the drug is safe when, in fact, it is safe.

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