The prostate surface antigen test (PSA) is commonly used to detect early signs and symptoms of prostate cancer in men. However, the PSA test has come under quite a bit of public scrutiny for its relatively high false positive rate around 25%. Assume the prevalence of prostate cancer in men above the age over 65 is 47%. Investigators looking at the performance of the PSA test sample a group of 10,000 men over the age of 65, and come up with 5,500 positive results.What percent of men taking the test with prostate cancer will get a positive result?What is the predictive value positive for the PSA test in this example?.
probabilty of having cancer P(C)=0.47
and not having cancer =P(Cc) =1--0.47=0.53
let probabilty of true +ve =P(TP) and false +ve =P(FP) =0.25
hence probabilty of +ve result =P(C)*P(TP|C)*P(Cc)*P(FP|Cc)
5500/10000 =0.47*P(TP|C)+0.53*0.25
P(TP|C) =0.888298
hence 88.83% of men taking the test with prostate cancer will get a positive result
diseased | not diseased | ||
test positive | 4175 | 1325 | 5500 |
test negative | 525 | 3975 | 4500 |
4700 | 5300 | 10000 |
.What percent of men taking the test with prostate cancer will get a positive result?
= 4175/4700
=0.8882978
What is the predictive value positive for the PSA test in this example?.
= 4175/5500
= 0.759090909
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