Question

It is thought that prehistoric Indians did not take their best tools, pottery, and household items when they visited higher elevations for their summer camps. It is hypothesized that archaeological sites tend to lose their cultural identity and specific cultural affiliation as the elevation of the site increases. Let x be the elevation (in thousands of feet) for an archaeological site in the southwestern United States. Let y be the percentage of unidentified artifacts (no specific cultural affiliation) at a given elevation. Suppose that the following data were obtained for a collection of archaeological sites in New Mexico: x 5.75 6.00 6.75 7.50 8.00 y 10 20 19 42 69 Find the equation of the least-squares line .

Answer 1

Here x=independent variable

Y=dependent variable

Least squares regression can be found using

lm function uin R
code is

x <- c(5.75, 6.00, 6.75, 7.50, 8.00)

y <- c(10 ,20 ,19 ,42, 69)
Regmod = lm(y~x)
summary(Regmod)

output:

oefficients:

Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)  

(Intercept) -124.816 36.435 -3.426 0.0417 *

x 23.061 5.316 4.338 0.0226 *

---

Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1

Residual standard error: 10.19 on 3 degrees of freedom

Multiple R-squared: 0.8625, Adjusted R-squared: 0.8167

F-statistic: 18.82 on 1 and 3 DF, p-value: 0.0226

the equation of the least-squares line is

y= -124.816 + 23.061 *x