When the two variables are correlated, they are associated with each other, but it doesn’t mean that one is causing the other. Explain why
Correlation dos not imply causation. Correlation just informs us how a pair of variables x and y are linearly related and change together. But, correlation does not inform us why the variables are related. Causation informs us further than linear relation: Any change in one of the pair of values will cause a change in the value of the other variable, called cause and effect relation.
Example:
Positive correlation between ice cream sales and death by drowning
does not imply ice cream consuming causes death by drowning. The
real reason is that both ice cream sales and death by drowning are
each correlated with Confounding variable: hot climate. Because it
is very hot, the people consume ice cream. Because it is very hot,
the people go for water sports which sometimes cause death by
drowning.
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