Question

For each of the following scenarios, (1) state the study design, and (2) calculate the risk of the outcome among the exposed relative to the unexposed. Be sure to use the appropriate measure of risk (RR or OR) for each scenario: Hint: First, identify the exposure and outcome. Then, set up the 2x2 table and calculate the risk.

a) 150 Charlotte residents were identified via medical records as having had the flu during the 2018 winter season. When interviewed, 24 of these residents reported having been hospitalized during the previous year. 200 other Charlotte residents were identified who did not have the flu during the winter of 2018. When interviewed, 24 of these individuals reported having been hospitalized during the previous year.

b) 1,700 bone fracture patients participated in a trial of a new topical pain-killer. 700 patients were randomized to receive the new topical pain-killer, and 329 reported good or very good pain relief during the study period. The remaining 1000 patients received the standard oral pain-killer and 692 reported good or very good pain relief during the study period.

Answer 1