Question

The accuracy of a census report on a city in southern California was questioned by some government officials. A random sample of 1215 people living in the city was used to check the report, and the results are shown below.

Ethnic Origin	Census Percent	Sample Result
Black	10%	138
Asian	3%	30
Anglo	38%	482
Latino/Latina	41%	495
Native American	6%	58
All others	2%	12

Using a 1% level of significance, test the claim that the census distribution and the sample distribution agree.

(a) What is the level of significance?


State the null and alternate hypotheses.

H₀: The distributions are the same.
H₁: The distributions are the same.H₀: The distributions are the same.
H₁: The distributions are different.    H₀: The distributions are different.
H₁: The distributions are different.H₀: The distributions are different.
H₁: The distributions are the same.

(b) Find the value of the chi-square statistic for the sample. (Round the expected frequencies to at least three decimal places. Round the test statistic to three decimal places.)


Are all the expected frequencies greater than 5?

Yes

No    

What sampling distribution will you use?

normal

uniform    

Student's t

chi-square

binomial

What are the degrees of freedom?


(c) Estimate the P-value of the sample test statistic.

P-value > 0.100

0.050 < P-value < 0.100    

0.025 < P-value < 0.050

0.010 < P-value < 0.025

0.005 < P-value < 0.010

P-value < 0.005

(d) Based on your answers in parts (a) to (c), will you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis that the population fits the specified distribution of categories?

Since the P-value > α, we fail to reject the null hypothesis.

Since the P-value > α, we reject the null hypothesis.   

Since the P-value ≤ α, we reject the null hypothesis.

Since the P-value ≤ α, we fail to reject the null hypothesis.

(e) Interpret your conclusion in the context of the application.

At the 1% level of significance, the evidence is sufficient to conclude that census distribution and the ethnic origin distribution of city residents are different.

At the 1% level of significance, the evidence is insufficient to conclude that census distribution and the ethnic origin distribution of city residents are different.

Answer 1

The statistic software output for this problem is:

(a)

The level of significance = 0.01

H₀: The distributions are the same.
H₁: The distributions are different.

(b)

Test statistics = 13.566

Yes

chi-square

degrees of freedom = 5

(c)

0.010 < P-value < 0.025

(d)

Since the P-value > α, we fail to reject the null hypothesis.

(e)

At the 1% level of significance, the evidence is insufficient to conclude that census distribution and the ethnic origin distribution of city residents are different.