Question

A researcher studied the relation between​ psychotherapists' degree of empathy and their​ patients' satisfaction with therapy. As a pilot​ study, four​ patient-therapist pairs were​ studied, with the accompanying results. Complete questions below.

Pair_# Therapist_Empathy Patient_Satisfaction

1 69 5

2 99 7

3 36 3

4 50 2

1. Determine the cutoff​ score(s) for this​ two-tailed test, using the 0.05 significance level. Select the correct choice below and fill in the answer box within your choice.

The cutoff t​ scores are _____ and _____.

2. Determine the test statistic (see pg. 480 for formula). Select the correct choice below​ and, if​ necessary, fill in the answer box with your choice.

t = ____

A)

.85

B)

3.32

C)

4.30

D)

.28

E)

2.92

3. Decide whether to reject the null hypothesis. Choose the correct answer below.

	A. Reject the null hypothesis. The results prove that the research hypothesis is true.
	B. Do not reject the null hypothesis. The results are inconclusive (given the small sample size).
	C. Reject the null hypothesis. The results support the research hypothesis.
	D. Do not reject the null hypothesis. The results prove that the null hypothesis is true.

4. Explain the logic of what has been​ done, writing as if speaking to someone who has never heard of correlation​ (but who does understand the​ mean, standard​ deviation, Z​ scores, and hypothesis​ testing). Choose the correct answer below.

	A. A hypothesis test has been conducted using the​ means, standard​ deviations, and Z scores of two data sets to determine if therapist empathy and patient satisfaction are related.
	B. A hypothesis test has been conducted using the standard deviations and Z scores of two data sets to determine if the mean therapist empathy score equals the mean patient satisfaction score.
	C. A hypothesis test has been conducted using the Z scores of two data sets to determine if the population of at least one of therapist empathy and patient satisfaction follows a normal distribution.

5. Give three logically possible directions of​ causality, saying for each whether it is a reasonable direction in light of the variables involved. Select all that apply (i.e, I'm telling you there are 3 answers to select to get this correct).

A)	It could be that patient satisfaction causes therapist empathy. This is not a reasonable direction of​ causality, as satisfaction would have been measured after a session.

B)	It could be that therapist empathy causes patient satisfaction. This is not a reasonable direction of​ causality, as therapists will only empathize with satisfied patients.

C)	It could be that patient satisfaction causes therapist empathy. This is a reasonable direction of​ causality, as therapists will likely empathize more with satisfied patients.

D)	It could be that inherent attitude influences empathy and satisfaction. This is a reasonable direction of​ causality, as some people are naturally happier than others.

E)	It could be that therapist empathy causes patient satisfaction. This is a reasonable direction of​ causality, as patients are likely to appreciate the empathy.

Answer 1