Question

1. You are working for the CDC in South Africa, and your research group is interested in understanding malnutrition and pneumonia in children.  You perform a cohort study where you enroll 50 children under the age of 10 years.  Of these children, at the start of your study, you determine if they are malnourished and then follow them for 2 years with visits every 3 months to determine if they have had pneumonia.  In your analysis, you find that the relative risk for developing pneumonia for malnourished children is 8.2 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.90 - 35.0.  What do these findings mean?

Hi I’m having a tough time understanding this. I’ve read and just don’t know.

Answer 1

Relative risk with 95% confidence interval is the inferential statistic used in prospective cohort and randomized controlled trials. With relative risk, the width of the confidence interval is the inference related to the precision of the treatment effect.

If relative risk and the confidence interval crosses over 1.0, meaning that the event is just as likely to occur as not occur, then we have a non-significant association between the variables.

Since the 95% confidence interval include the null value (RR=1), the finding is statistically insignificant.

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