Question

Pain before treatment	Pain after treatment
9	8
5	6
6	4
4	3
3	3
10	8
9	6
9	7
7	8
5	4
2	4
5	4
8	5
3	5
6	3
7	8

⦁ Paste SPSS output. (6 pts)

⦁ Write an APA-style Results section based on your analysis. Include your graph as an APA-style figure as demonstrated in the APA writing presentations. (Results = 6 pts; Graph = 4 pts)

Answer 1

Please note that we can answwer questions using the open source statistical package only , please see the answers below

before <- c(9,5,6,4,3,10,9,9,7,5,2,5,8,3,6,7)
after <- c(8,6,4,3,3,8,6,7,8,4,4,4,5,5,3,8)

## t test

t.test(before,after,conf.level = 0.95,paired = TRUE)

library(reshape2)

df <- data.frame(before,after)
df <- melt(df)

# Plot
library("ggpubr")
ggboxplot(df, x = "variable", y = "value",
color = "variable", palette = c("#00AFBB", "#E7B800"),
order = c("before", "after"),
ylab = "Weight", xlab = "Groups")

The results ar e

> t.test(before,after,conf.level = 0.95,paired = TRUE)

Paired t-test

data: before and after

t = 1.7321, df = 15, p-value = 0.1038 ## as the p value is not less than 0.,05 , hence we fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the results are significant

alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0

95 percent confidence interval:

-0.1729447 1.6729447

sample estimates:

mean of the differences

0.75