Question

Sleep apnea is a disorder in which you have one or more pauses in breathing or shallow breaths while you sleep. In a​ cross-sectional study of 310 adults who suffer from sleep​ apnea, it was found that 186 had gum disease.​ Note: In the general​ population, about​ 17.5% of individuals have gum disease. Complete parts​ (a) through​ (c) below.

​(a) What does it mean for this study to be​ cross-sectional?

A.The data were obtained at a specific point in time and the study was an observational study.

B.The data were obtained at a specific point in time and the study was an experiment.

C.The data were obtained over the course of time and the study was an observational study.

D.The data were obtained over the course of time and the study was an experiment.

​(b) What is the variable of interest in this​ study? Is it qualitative or​ quantitative? Explain. Identify the variable of interest. Choose the correct answer below.

A.Whether a person has sleep apnea or not.

B.Whether a person has gum disease or not.

C.Whether a person with sleep apnea has gum disease or not.

D.The proportion of gum disease present in those with sleep apnea.

Determine whether the variable in question is qualitative or quantitative. Choose the correct answer below.

A.Qualitative—the variable classifies the individuals in the study.

B.Quantitative—the variable classifies the individuals in the study.

C.Qualitative—the variable can be numerically measured.

D.Quantitative—the variable can be numerically measured.

​(c) Estimate the proportion of individuals who suffer from sleep apnea who have gum disease with 90​% confidence. Interpret your result. Select the correct choice below and fill in the answer boxes to complete your choice. ​(Use ascending order. Round to three decimal places as​ needed.)

A.There is 90​% confidence that the population proportion of individuals who suffer from sleep apnea who have gum disease is between_and_

B.There is a 90​% chance that the true population proportion of individuals who suffer from sleep apnea who have gum disease is between_and_

C.90​% of the population lies in the interval between_and_

Answer 1

GIVEN THAT

P = 17.5 % = 0.175

N = 310

X = 136

A) CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY - OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

OPTION A IS CORRECT

A.The data were obtained at a specific point in time and the study was an observational stud

B) variable of interest in this​ study :

Whether a person with sleep apnea has gum disease or not.

OPTION C IS CORRECT

qualitative or quantitative

Quantitative—the variable classifies the individuals in the study.

OPTION B IS CORRECT

C)

There is 90​% confidence that the population proportion of individuals who suffer from sleep apnea who have gum disease is between_0.554 and_0.646