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18. What is the appropriate statistical test to assess whether there is an association between obesity...

18. What is the appropriate statistical test to assess whether there is an association between obesity status (normal weight, overweight, obese) and 5-year incident cardiovascular disease (CVD)? Suppose each participant’s obesity status (category) is known along with whether they develop CVD over the next 5 years or not

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The appropriate statistical test to assess whether there is an association between obesity status (normal weight, overweight, obese) and 5-year incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) would be logrank test.

The logrank test is used to test the null hypothesis that there is no difference between the populations in the probability of an event (here a developing cardiovascular disease) at any time point. The analysis is based on the times of events (here cardiovascular disease). For each such time (here 5 year period) we calculate the observed number of people developing cardiovascular disease in each group and the number expected if there were in reality no difference between the groups.

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