Question

a)Listed below are annual data for various years. The data are weights (metric tons) of lemons imported from Mexico and U.S. car crash fatality rates per 100,000 population.

Lemon imports	230	265	358	480	530
Crash fatality rate	15.9	15.7	15.4	15.3	14.9

Draw a scatterplot of these two variables and comment on the following:

• There appears to be                            [ Select ]                       ["a strong positive", "a strong negative", "a weak", "no"]         correlation.
• Correlation coefficient, r =                            [ Select ]                       ["0.959", "-0.959", "0.258", "0.043"]           (choose the appropriate value based on the scatterplot)
• Conclusion:                            [ Select ]                       ["Greater amounts of lemon imports are associated with lower crash fatality rates, but common sense suggests this is a coincidence", "Greater amounts of lemon imports has no association with lower crash fatality rates"]      

b)It has been found that when gas prices increase, the distances that vehicles are driven tend to get shorter.

Select the correct option to describe correlation between gas price and distance driven

Group of answer choices

There is a negative correlation that is probably due to coincidence

There is a positive correlation that is probably due to a direct cause.

There is a negative correlation that is probably due to a direct cause.

There is a positive correlation that is probably due to a common under-lying cause

Answer 1

using minitab>stat>basic stat>correlation

we have

Correlation: Lemon imports, Crash fatality rate

Pearson correlation of Lemon imports and Crash fatality rate = -0.959
P-Value = 0.010

scatterplot is

Draw a scatterplot of these two variables and comment on the following:

• There appears to be a strong negative correlation.
• Correlation coefficient, r =-0.959  
• Conclusion Greater amounts of lemon imports are associated with lower crash fatality rates, but common sense suggests this is a coincidence

b)

There is a negative correlation that is probably due to a direct cause.