A clinical trial is conducted to compare an experimental
medication to placebo to reduce the symptoms of asthma. Two hundred
participants are enrolled in the study and randomized to receive
either the experimental medication or placebo. The primary outcome
is self-reported reduction of symptoms. Among 100 participants who
receive the experimental medication, 38 report a reduction of
symptoms as compared to 21 participants of 100 assigned to placebo.
When you test if there is a significant difference in the
proportions of participants reporting a reduction of symptoms
between the experimental and placebo groups. Use α = 0.05. What
should the researcher’s conclusion be for a 5% significance level?
Reject H0
because 2.64 ≥ 1.960. We have statistically significant evidence at
α = 0.05 to show that there is a difference in the proportions of
patients reporting a reduction in symptoms.
We reject H0 at the 5% level because 2.64 is greater than 1.96. We do have statistically significant evidence at α = 0.05 to show that there is a difference in the proportions of patients reporting a reduction in symptoms. |
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We fail to reject H0 at the 5% because -2.64 is less than 1.645. We do not have statistically significant evidence to show that there is a difference in the proportions of patients reporting a reduction in symptoms. |
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We fail to reject H0 at the 5% because -2.64 is less than 1.96. We do have statistically significant evidence at α = 0.05 to show that there is a difference in the proportions of patients reporting a reduction in symptoms. |
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We fail to reject H0 at the 5% because 2.64 is greater than -1.645. We do have statistically significant evidence at α = 0.05 to show that there is a difference in the proportions of patients reporting a reduction in symptoms. |
Answer: We reject H0 at the 5% level because 2.64 is greater than 1.96. We do have statistically significant evidence at α = 0.05 to show that there is a difference in the proportions of patients reporting a reduction in symptoms.
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