Question

B. Dr. Quisling, a child psychologist, investigates play behavior in 4-year-olds. She is particularly interested in how young girls develop ideas about the gender appropriateness of certain toys. She conducts an experiment in which participants (4-year old girls) first interact with an adult for 10 minutes in a lab playroom. The adult models play for the child by interacting with a female-stereotyped toy (a Barbie doll), a male-stereotyped toy (a dump truck) or a gender-neutral toy (Legos). The children are then brought to a second playroom, and are given two boxes of toys: one box filled with stereotypically female toys, and another box filled with stereotypically male toys. Children are allowed to play with the toys of their choice for 30 minutes. Dr. Quisling measures the total number of minutes each child spends playing with the female-stereotyped toys. Data from the toy study are below. Complete the following analyses using SPSS: 7. Using SPSS, run a single-factor independent-measures (i.e., a oneway between-subjects) ANOVA, using an  of .05. Make sure to ask for Descriptives (use the Options button); ask for a Tukey test using the Post-hoc button. Delete the ‘Homogenous Subsets’ box; provide the rest of the output file (save as a separate file, or copy and paste into a Word or PDF file). 8. Imagine that instead of having each child experience only one form of modeling, Dr. Quisling would like to re-run the study such that each child experiences all three modeling conditions. Using the same dataset listed below, assume that this time, data on the same row come from the same child (so, for example, data from the first row are from child 1, data from the second row are from child 2, etc.). Using SPSS, run a oneway within-subjects (i.e., repeated measures) ANOVA. Make sure to ask for Descriptives using the Options button. (Note: SPSS will not run post-hoc tests for within-subjects designs, so skip this part.) Delete the following boxes: ‘Mauchly’s Test of Sphericity’, ‘Tests of Within-subjects Contrasts’, ‘Tests of Between-subjects Effects’. Provide the rest of the output file. 9. List the F-observed and the Sig. Value for each output (from 7 and 8). Is the between-subjects ANOVA significant? Is the within-subjects ANOVA significant? 10. Look carefully at the descriptive statistics (means) for each analysis, and the source tables for each output (for the between-subjects analysis, look at the ‘ANOVA’ box; for the within-subjects analysis, look at the ‘Tests of Within-subjects Effects’ box, and use the ‘Sphericity Assumed’ row). What accounts for the difference in Sig. Values across the two tests? Explain this difference, making sure to use numerical values from the outputs in your explanation.

Female-Stereotyped	Gender Neutral	Male- Stereotyped
15	14	13
14	12	10
8	9	7
19	17	15
20	16	10
22	20	20
9	5	2
15	11	6
18	18	11
10	6	3

Answer 1

Using Excel

data -> data analysis -> Anova: Single Factor

Ho: µ1 = µ2= µ3

Ha: at least one mean is different

since p-value= 0.8714 > alpha
we fail to reject the null hypothesis
we conclude that there is no signficant difference in mean

we don't need to run post-hoc tests as there was no significant difference