Question

is the effect that we found, measured by correlation coefficient, is likely to be causal?

# UK Population in millions, 1990 - 2017 (ONS)

population = [57.24, 57.44, 57.58, 57.71, 57.86, 58.02, 58.16, 58.31, 58.47, 58.68, 58.89, 59.11, 59.37, 59.64, 59.95, 60.41, 60.83, 61.32, 61.82, 62.26, 62.76, 63.29, 63.71, 64.11, 64.60, 65.11, 65.65, 66.04]

# Retail price of gasoline in the US (in $)(Statista)

gas = [1.3, 1.1, 1.09, 1.07, 1.08, 1.11, 1.2, 1.2, 1.03, 1.14, 1.48, 1.42, 1.35, 1.56, 1.85, 2.27, 2.57, 2.8, 3.25, 2.35, 2.78, 3.52, 3.62, 3.51, 3.36, 2.43, 2.14, 2.42]

Answer 1

Here we get a positive correlation right here...