Question

a between-subject paired t-test is looking at IQ scores in 1st born vs. 2nd born siblings. in this experiment, IQ is the (significant, independent, marker, dependent) and being a 1st or 2nd born sibling is the (significant, independent, marker, dependent)
choose the best options in parenthesis.

Answer 1

A dependent variable is the one which we are studying about. It depends on some other factors. An independent variable is the one which, we assume, may cause changes in the dependent variable. Here we are studying about the IQ difference between 1st born and 2nd born siblings. And we assume the variable 1st born or 2nd born may cause change in their IQ level. i.e. IQ depends on the factor whether the child is 1st born or 2nd born. (Remember, IQ LEVEL does not cause born 1st or 2nd) So Here IQ score is the dependent variable and being 1st born or 2nd born is the independent variable.