(A) Prevalence rate = [(number of new cases)/(total population at risk)]*1000
where number of new cases = 40608 and total population = 296410404
Prevalence rate = (40608/296410404)*1000
= 0.000137*1000
= 0.137 per 1000 person
(B) Incidence rate = [(number of new cases+existing cases)/(total population at risk)]*1000
where number of new cases = 40608, existing cases= 397582 and total population = 296410404
Incidence rate = ((40608+397582)/296410404)*1000
= 0.0014783*1000
= 1.478 per 1000 person
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