Use the words relationship, sample, population, statistic, and parameter to describe the flow of a research study to determine whether a relationship exists in nature.
It is to be established whether or not, truly, there exists a relationship between two parameters governing or taking part in a natural process. In order to establish this, a sample of finite size is collected. The sample is collected in such a way that there is no systemic bias in selecting the observations and also that the sample is sufficiently representative of the true population characteristic.
A statistic is constructed in order to compute a numerical quantity using the sample data. The statistic is chosen in such a way that it reflects the actual relation between population parameters, as much as possible.
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