A firm manufactures a product that sells for $12 per unit. Variable cost per unit is $8 and fixed cost per month is $1200. Capacity is 1000 units per month. a. How much is the contribution margin? __________ b. How much is the contribution rate? ___________ c. How many units must they sell per month in order to break even? _________ d. How many units must they sell in order to have a profit of $2,500 per month? ___________
a) Contribution Margin:
Following formula can be used to calculate the contribution margin:
Contribution Margin = Total Sales - Total Variable Cost
Contribution Margin = $ 12 * 1000 - $8*1000 = $ 4000
b) Contribution rate:
Following formula can be used to calculate the contribution rate:
Contribution rate: (Total Sales - Total Variable Cost)/Total Sales
Contribution Rate = 4000/12000 = 0.333 or 33.3%
c) Break-Even:
The formula for break-even point is as follows:
Break-Even = Fixed Cost/Contribution margin per unit
Break-Even = 1200/(12-8) = 1200/3 = 400 units
Thus break-even will be at 400 units
d) to calculate the number of units at a particular profit, the following formula should be used:
Number of units = (Fixed Cost + Target Profit)/Contribution margin per unit
Number of units = (1200+2500)/4 = 925 units
925 units should be made to get the profit of $ 2500
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