Question

Suppose the heights of 18-year-old men are approximately normally distributed, with mean 71 inches and standard deviation 2 inches.

1. What is the probability that an 18-year-old man selected at random is between 70 and 72 inches tall? (Round your answer to four decimal places.)

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2. If a random sample of twenty-eight 18-year-old men is selected, what is the probability that the mean height x is between 70 and 72 inches? (Round your answer to four decimal places.)

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3. Compare your answers to parts (a) and (b). Is the probability in part (b) much higher? Why would you expect this?

a) The probability in part (b) is much lower because the standard deviation is smaller for the x distribution.

b) The probability in part (b) is much higher because the mean is smaller for the x distribution.     

c) The probability in part (b) is much higher because the mean is larger for the x distribution.

d) The probability in part (b) is much higher because the standard deviation is smaller for the x distribution.

e) The probability in part (b) is much higher because the standard deviation is larger for the x distribution.

Answer 1

Solution:

Given in the question

Mean = 71

Standard deviation = 2

Solution(a)

P(70<X<72) = P(X<72) - P(X<70)

Z = (70-71)/2 = -0.5

Z = (72-71)/2 = 0.5

From z table we found p-value

P(70<X<72) = 0.6915 - 0.3085 = 0.383

Solution(b)

Sample size = 28

P(70<X<72)

Z = (70-71)/2/sqrt(28) = -2.64

Z = (72-71)/2/sqrt(28) = 2.64

From z table we found p-value

P(70<X<72) = 0.9959 - 0.0041 = 0.9918

Solution(c)

Its answer is D I.e. the probability in part b is much higher because standard deviation is smaller for the X distribution.