A political scientist wanted to learn whether there is an association between the education level of registered voters and his or her political party affiliation. He randomly selected 46 registered voters and ran a Chi-square test of Independence and Homogeneity in SPSS. The following is the test result from SPSS:
Education * Party Crosstabulation |
|||||
Party |
Total |
||||
Democrat |
Republican |
||||
Education |
College |
Count |
9 |
12 |
21 |
Expected Count |
11.9 |
9.1 |
21.0 |
||
Grade School |
Count |
7 |
2 |
9 |
|
Expected Count |
5.1 |
3.9 |
9.0 |
||
High School |
Count |
10 |
6 |
16 |
|
Expected Count |
9.0 |
7.0 |
16.0 |
||
Total |
Count |
26 |
20 |
46 |
|
Expected Count |
26.0 |
20.0 |
46.0 |
Chi-Square Tests |
|||
Value |
df |
Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) |
|
Pearson Chi-Square |
3.483a |
2 |
.175 |
Likelihood Ratio |
3.598 |
2 |
.165 |
N of Valid Cases |
46 |
||
a. 1 cells (16.7%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 3.91. |
Read the SPSS output charts, state the test statistic, and the p-value
a. |
Test statistic , P-value=0.0875 |
|
b. |
Test statistic , P-value=0.0825 |
|
c. |
Test statistic , P-value=0.175 |
|
d. |
Test statistic , P-value=0.165 |
|
e. |
None of the above |
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