Question

Use the following scenario to the answer the next four questions.
A research article reports the results of a new drug test. The drug is hypothesized to decrease vision loss in people with macular degeneration more effectively than the current treatment. The article reports a p-value of 0.04 in the analysis section.

Indicate whether the following interpretation is a valid or invalid interpretation of this p-value.

We conclude that the new drug is not effective because there is only a .04 probability that the drug is more effective than the current treatment. (VALID OR INVALID)

We conclude that the new drug is effective because results like they found, or results even more favorable to the new drug, would only happen 4% of the time if the drug was not effective. (VALID OR INVALID)

We conclude that the new drug is effective because there is only a 4% chance that it’s not (VALID OR INVALID)

Answer 1

We conclude that the new drug is effective because there is only a 4% chance that it’s not VALID

We compare p-value with the level of significance. If the p value is greater than the level of significance then we accept the null hypothesis otherwise reject it. A small p value thus presents a strong evidence against the null hypothesis.

Out of all statements the above makes the most sense.

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