Question

Instructions: Recall the “Witness” study from your t-Test crash course. Research in legal psychology shows that eyewitnesses are greatly impacted by the manner in which investigators phrase their questions. For example, in 1974, Loftus and Palmer conducted a study where they had participants watch a video clip of a car accident and then answer questions about what the participants just witnessed. They assigned participants to one of two conditions where they altered the phrasing of one important question: How fast was the car going?” For your t-Test crash course quiz, there were two conditions. In Condition One (the smashed condition), they asked participants, “How fast was the car going when it smashed into the building”? In Condition Two (the hit condition), they asked participants, “How fast was the car going when it hit the building?” For your ANOVA crash course, let’s consider a third condition (Condition Three, the contacted condition), where we ask participants, “How fast was the car going when it contacted the building?” Participants still estimate the speed of the car (from a minimum of 0 miles per hour to as much as 160 miles per hour), with the researchers predicting that participants would estimate the speed as higher in the smashed condition than in the hit condition, but that they will estimate the speed as even lower in the contacted condition.

Complete the questions below and then transfer those answers to your Crash Course in Statistics – The One Way ANOVA Quiz #3 in Canvas (1 point per question). IMPORTANT: The answer options in Canvas may not be in the same order you see them below, so make sure to copy over the CONTENT of the answer and not simply the answer letter (A, B, C, D, or E). Note: If you want to run these analyses yourself, look for the SPSS file called “One Way ANOVA Crash Course Data – Summer Witness” in Canvas – not required, but definitely recommended!)

1). What is the independent variable in this study?

            A. Whether the researchers asked or did not ask for an estimate of the car’s speed

            B. The estimated speed of the car from 0 to 160 miles per hour

            C. Whether the question included the word “smashed”, “hit”, or “contacted”

            D. Whether participants read about a car that did or did not have an accident

            E. There is too little information in this study to determine the independent variable

2). What is the dependent variable in this study?

            A. Whether the researchers asked or did not ask for an estimate of the car’s speed

            B. The estimated speed of the car from 0 to 160 miles per hour

            C. Whether the question included the word “smashed” versus the word “hit”

            D. Whether participants read about a car that did or did not have an accident

            E. There is too little information in this study to determine the independent variable

Answer 1

Solution:-

Given that

In 1974, Loftus and Palmer conducted a study where they had participants watch a video clip of a car accident and then answer questions about what the participants just witnessed

Participants still estimate the speed of the car (from a minimum of 0 miles per hour to as much as 160 miles per hour), with the researchers predicting that participants would estimate the speed as higher in the smashed condition than in the hit condition, but that they will estimate the speed as even lower in the contacted condition.

1). What is the independent variable in this study?

Whether the question included the word "smashed", "hit" or "contacted".

Option C

2). What is the dependent variable in this study?

The estimated speed of the car from 0 to 160 miles per hour.

Option B

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