Question

1. Use "Life_Expectancy" data in Chapter2.xlsx to answer the following questions. For questions that require Excel, include the appropriate output (copy + paste) along with an explanation. Data description: Life Expectancy by State, 2010–2011 Questions: a. Construct appropriate tables (frequency distribution, relative frequency distribution, etc.) and graphs to summarize life expectancy in the United States. Use 75, 76.5, 78, and so on, for the upper limits of the classes for the distributions. b. Discuss where the data tend to cluster and how the data are spread from the lowest value to the highest value. c. Comment on the shape of the distribution.

Rank	State	Life Expectancy
1	Hawaii	81.5
2	Minnesota	80.9
3	California	80.4
4	New York	80.4
5	Connecticut	80.2
6	Massachusetts	80.1
7	North Dakota	80.1
8	Utah	80.1
9	Colorado	79.9
10	Arizona	79.9
11	South Dakota	79.9
12	New Hampshire	79.7
13	Vermont	79.7
14	Florida	79.7
15	Iowa	79.7
16	New Jersey	79.7
17	Washington	79.7
18	Wisconsin	79.3
19	Rhode Island	79.3
20	Idaho	79.2
21	Nebraska	79.2
22	Oregon	79
23	Illinois	78.8
24	Maine	78.7
25	Virginia	78.5
26	Kansas	78.4
27	Montana	78.4
28	Delaware	78.3
29	Alaska	78.3
30	Texas	78.3
31	New Mexico	78.2
32	Pennsylvania	78.2
33	Maryland	78.1
34	Michigan	77.9
35	Indiana	77.7
36	Wyoming	77.6
37	Nevada	77.6
38	Ohio	77.5
39	Missouri	77.4
40	North Carolina	77.2
41	Georgia	77.1
42	South Carolina	76.6
43	Tennessee	76.2
44	Kentucky	76.2
45	Arkansas	76.1
47	Oklahoma	75.6
48	Louisiana	75.4
49	Alabama	75.2
50	West Virginia	75.2
51	Mississippi	74.8

Answer 1

(a)

Upper limit of first class is 75 and upper limit of second class is 76.5 so class width is 76.5 - 75 = 1.5.

That is lower limit of first class is 75 -1.5 = 73.5

Following table shows the frequency distribution:

Classes
Lower	Upper	Frequency, f	Relative frequency, f/50
73.5	75	1	0.02
75	76.5	7	0.14
76.5	78	9	0.18
78	79.5	16	0.32
79.5	81	16	0.32
81	82.5	1	0.02
Total		50	1

Following is the histogram:

Histogram shows that distribution is skewed to left. There is no apparent outlier to data.

b)

The data is cluster between values 78 and 81. At both end data values have lowest frequency.

c)

The shape of distribution is negatively skewed. It is not symmetric.