Question

Can dogs detect cancer by smell? A recent study investigated whether dogs can be trained to distinguish a patient with bladder cancer by smelling certain compounds released in the patient’s urine. Ten dogs of varying breeds were trained to discriminate between urine from patients with bladder cancer and urine from control patients without it. The dogs were taught to indicate which among several specimens was from the bladder cancer patient by lying beside it. An experiment was conducted to analyze how the dog’s ability to detect the correct urine specimen compared to what would be expected with random guessing. Each of the ten dogs was tested with nine trials. In each trial, one urine sample from a bladder cancer patient was randomly placed among six control urine samples. In the total of 90 trials with the ten dogs, the dogs made the correct selection 37 times.

Did this study provide strong evidence that the dogs’ predictions were better or worse than with random guessing? Set-up and test the appropriate hypotheses. Is a confidence interval consistent with the results of the hypothesis test?

Answer 1

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